Mock Test 08 Performance Solutions

Subject: CBSE Class 12 Political Science

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Detailed Question Analysis

Q1. Which of the following best describes the meaning of "democratic decentralisation"? [cite: 516]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (Transfer of powers to local levels of government) [cite: 518]

Concept Explanation: Democratic decentralisation means distributing powers to local institutions so citizens can directly participate in governance and development. [cite: 523]

Q2. Which body supervises elections in India? [cite: 524]

✅ Correct Answer: Option C (Election Commission of India) [cite: 527]

Concept Explanation: The Election Commission is an independent constitutional authority responsible for conducting free and fair elections. [cite: 531]

Q3. Which statement correctly explains the policy of Non-Alignment? [cite: 532]

✅ Correct Answer: Option C (Avoiding formal military alliances with major blocs) [cite: 535]

Concept Explanation: India adopted Non-Alignment during the Cold War to maintain independent foreign policy decisions without joining military blocs. [cite: 539]

Q4. Which of the following is a key feature of federalism? [cite: 540]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (Powers are constitutionally divided between Centre and states) [cite: 542]

Concept Explanation: Federalism ensures division of powers between central and state governments through constitutional provisions. [cite: 547]

Q5. What is the primary objective of judicial review? [cite: 548]

✅ Correct Answer: Option C (Examining constitutional validity of laws and actions) [cite: 551]

Concept Explanation: Judicial review allows courts to check whether laws or government actions violate constitutional principles. [cite: 555]

Q6. A state government demands greater financial autonomy from the Centre. Which principle of Indian politics is involved here? [cite: 556]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (Federalism) [cite: 558]

Concept Explanation: Federalism concerns the distribution of powers and resources between Centre and states. [cite: 563]

Q7. A citizen challenges a law restricting freedom of expression in court. Which democratic safeguard is being used? [cite: 564]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (Judicial review) [cite: 566]

Concept Explanation: Citizens can approach courts to protect Fundamental Rights through judicial review. [cite: 571]

Q8. Which situation is the best example of secularism in practice? [cite: 572]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (Equal treatment of all religions by the state) [cite: 574]

Concept Explanation: Indian secularism ensures equal respect and protection for all religions. [cite: 579]

Q9. A multinational company establishes factories in several countries to increase profits. Which process does this represent? [cite: 580]

✅ Correct Answer: Option C (Globalisation) [cite: 583]

Concept Explanation: Globalisation increases economic integration through global trade and investment. [cite: 587]

Q10. A coalition government is usually formed when: [cite: 588]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (No single party gets clear majority) [cite: 590]

Concept Explanation: Coalition governments are formed when several parties come together to achieve majority support. [cite: 595]

Q11. Which of the following is the strongest advantage of regional parties? [cite: 596]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (They represent local interests effectively) [cite: 598]

Concept Explanation: Regional parties raise local concerns and improve representation in a diverse country like India. [cite: 603]

Q12. Which institution protects the Constitution by interpreting its provisions? [cite: 604]

✅ Correct Answer: Option C (Supreme Court) [cite: 607]

Concept Explanation: The Supreme Court is the final interpreter and guardian of the Constitution. [cite: 611]

Q13. Assertion (A): Coalition politics became more common in India after 1989.
Reason (R): Regional parties gained political importance in different states. [cite: 612]

✅ Correct Answer: Option A (Both A and R are true, and R correctly explains A) [cite: 613]

Concept Explanation: The rise of regional parties reduced one-party dominance and encouraged coalition governments at the Centre. [cite: 619]

Q14. Assertion (A): Judicial activism has expanded the role of courts in public issues. [cite: 620]
Reason (R): Courts sometimes intervene to protect public interest and constitutional values. [cite: 621]

✅ Correct Answer: Option A (Both A and R are true, and R correctly explains A) [cite: 622]

Concept Explanation: Judicial activism involves proactive judicial action in matters concerning public welfare and rights. [cite: 628]

Q15. Read the passage carefully:
"Several organisations protested against large development projects because they feared displacement of tribal communities and environmental damage. These groups used public campaigns and court petitions." [cite: 629, 630]

Which democratic feature is reflected in the passage? [cite: 631]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (Public participation through social movements) [cite: 633]

Concept Explanation: Social movements and public campaigns are important forms of democratic participation and policy influence. [cite: 638]

Q16. Read the passage carefully:
"After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States became highly influential globally. At the same time, emerging economies like India and China increased their role in international politics." [cite: 639, 640]

Which conclusion is most appropriate? [cite: 641]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (World politics became more multipolar and complex) [cite: 643]

Concept Explanation: The rise of new economic powers created multiple centres of influence after the Cold War. [cite: 648]

Q17. Which of the following would most seriously weaken democracy? [cite: 649]

✅ Correct Answer: Option C (Concentration of all powers in one organ of government) [cite: 652]

Concept Explanation: Democracy requires separation of powers and institutional checks to prevent misuse of authority. [cite: 656]

Tricky Point: Students often ignore the importance of institutional balance. [cite: 657]

Q18. Why is the Election Commission considered important in a democracy? [cite: 658]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (It ensures free and fair elections) [cite: 660]

Concept Explanation: The Election Commission ensures transparency and fairness in elections, strengthening democratic legitimacy. [cite: 665]

Q19. Which statement best explains a criticism of globalisation? [cite: 666]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (It may increase economic inequality among nations) [cite: 668]

Concept Explanation: Globalisation may benefit stronger economies more, increasing inequality between developed and developing nations. [cite: 673]

Tricky Point: Students often focus only on positive effects of globalisation. [cite: 674]

Q20. In parliamentary democracy, opposition parties are important because they: [cite: 675]

✅ Correct Answer: Option B (Keep a check on the ruling government) [cite: 677]

Concept Explanation: Opposition parties question government actions, offer alternatives, and ensure accountability in democracy. [cite: 682]

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